{"id":809,"date":"2021-11-20T14:07:34","date_gmt":"2021-11-20T13:07:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/familiezahn.de\/?page_id=809"},"modified":"2021-11-22T17:16:05","modified_gmt":"2021-11-22T16:16:05","slug":"die-franzoesische-revolution-in-st-gallen","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/familiezahn.de\/en\/die-franzoesische-revolution-in-st-gallen\/","title":{"rendered":"The French Revolution in St. Gallen"},"content":{"rendered":"
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1789 French Revolution. July 14 Storming of the Bastille. Abolition of feudal order, liberation of peasants, freedom of trade, declaration of human rights Liberte, Egalite, Fraternite: personal freedom, equality of rights, cosmopolitanism. Symbol: Liberty trees. 1792 Marseillaise. Aug. 10 Storming of the Tuileries, death of the nearly thousand-strong Swiss Guard. 1793 Execution of King Louis XVI. 1796 The French National Army became unbeatable. National army became unbeatable in the hands of Napoleon Bonaparte (1769-1821). He became dictator in 1799, hereditary emperor of the French in 1804.Napoleon wanted to take possession of the Alpine country as a kind of central fortress. His revolutionary troops broke into Switzerland in January 1798 and advanced from the Jura via the liberated Vaud towards Bern.<\/h4>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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On 14 Feb. 1798, the mobilization of St. Gall auxiliary troops for the defense of aristocratic Bern took place. On Feb. 17, the 1st Company left for Bern, but was left unused in the general confusion at Jegenstorf (E 291).
\nOn March 5, the French (under General Brune) were repulsed at Neuenegg, but at Grauholz (French General Schauenburg) the Swiss front immediately collapsed and the city of Bern surrendered. The 2nd St. Gallen Company had marched on Feb. 19, but only got as far as Bassersdorf. As everywhere else, uncertainty and unrest now spread in St. Gallen. The prince abbey had renounced the F\u00fcrsten- land (the Alte Landschaft) and the Toggenburg in February, the city coincidentally released the Untertanenland B\u00fcrglen on the same 5 March (E292). On March 14, the St. Gallen company arrived back home.<\/h4>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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On behalf of the fleeing prince abbot Pankraz, the spiritual officer P. Placidus Sta- delmann sent a mandate for public pulpit readings in all parishes: \"Until now, we saw only from afar how the avenging arm of the Lord did not spare the largest provinces and most powerful empires of Europe. The distant danger did not seem to move us, and although we did not commit lesser sins and vices than other nations, we did not believe that the same punishments would befall us. Now, however, the wrath of the Lord is coming closer and closer to us like a terrible storm. To the soldiers: \"To you, then, brave brothers, who stand ready to fight for the holy religion and for the good of the fatherland - and to win or to die - to you we first exhort and entreat: begin the great work with God - purify your hearts and reconcile yourselves with him - strengthen yourselves for the Lord's battle by devotional enjoyment of the most holy mysteries - then go with true Christian courage - and God go with you.\" The mandate ends with the prayer, \"Lord, our strength! our power, our refuge in the time of tribulation! show your power and your might to our enemies and to yours. Let them know that you Alone the Lord our God our Father, are an infinite Beneficent.\" Fragrance 26f.<\/h4>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Anna Schlatter – Bernet 1773-1826, \u201etiefgla\u0308ubige, sich in Briefen die Finger wundschreibende Frau“ S 234ff; Die Zu\u0308nfte verloren ihre Bedeutung, die Handels- und Gewerbefreiheit wurde eingefu\u0308hrt.<\/h4>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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From September 1798 to May 1799, the city had to permanently maintain about 500 French occupation troops. Younger people were the most likely to be enthusiastic about the enlightened views and colorful festivities (E 305).<\/h4>\n
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Anna Schlatter-Bernet (1773-1826) was also an eyewitness. She had already written to her husband in 1795:
\n\u201eIn diesen kriegerischen Zeiten freue ich mich besonders, dass du so ein Mann des Friedens bist und mehr Geschmack an der lieben Natur als an Waffen (und) Milita\u0308r hast“.\u00a0Schlatters waren zuna\u0308chst Anha\u0308nger der alten Ordnung. Anna fand, man brauche die neue Freiheit nicht, man sei glu\u0308cklich bei der alten, sie sollten sich die Mu\u0308he sparen, uns zu Frankreich zu bekehren. Ich sehe nichts als Verwirrung, aber ich bin dennoch getrost; Gott kann aus dem Chaos eine scho\u0308ne Welt schaffen.<\/h4>\n
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Nevertheless, when the civic community adopted the new Helvetic Constitution on April 20, 1798, Anna reported:
\nAlmost all the men wept at having to lose this good, faithful, unselfish authority. My usually so calm husband, for whom tears are something rare, came home sobbing.\u00a0At the beginning of 1799, a French soldier was also quartered in the Schlatter house. Anna praises him as a very orderly, moral, certainly good person who did not become a soldier out of inclination. Hector liked to talk to him in French and kissed him goodbye, while Anna packed him some homemade things against his will, a new shirt and new stockings.<\/h4>\n

Im Mai 1799 zogen sich die Franzosen zuru\u0308ck und die Kaiserlichen ru\u0308ckten ein. Vom Fens- ter aus sah Anna 92 Wagen mit verwundeten franzo\u0308sischen Soldaten die Marktgasse hinauf zum Lazarett im Kloster rumpeln. Sie selber ging dauernd hin: Diesen Anblick kann meine Feder nicht beschreiben, und was ich zur Linderung beitragen konnte, war nur ein Tro\u0308pflein, mein Herz bricht vor Erbarmen, wie wird Gottes Herz brechen!\u00a01814 ging Napoleons Herrschaft zu Ende. Dazu Anna: \u201eMit gefa\u0308llt’s gar nicht, dass in Deutschland auch die Besten so begeistert fu\u0308r den Krieg sind. Auch der gerechteste Krieg ist … eine Plage der Menschheit, ein Kind der Ho\u0308lle, ist doch nur ein Streit um die irdischen Rechte und Freiheiten eines irdischen Vaterlandes. Unser Vaterland aber ist droben, und das Reich Gottes ist Friede… Es ist mir nicht einleuchtend, dass sie es da in Deutschland einen Kampf Gottes, einen Kampf um die Sache Jesu nennen. “\u00a0Marianne Jehle-Wildb erger \u201eAnna Schlatter-Bernet“ S. 141-144<\/h4>\n

Abt Pankraz erhoffte sich aber von Kaiser Franz in Wien konkret auch die milita\u0308rische Befreiung seiner Stiftslande. Im Rheintal erlitten die Franzosen im \u201e2. Koalitionskrieg“ tat- sa\u0308chlich zwei Niederlagen. Viele im Rheintal verwundete \u201eFranken“, dh. franzo\u0308sische Soldaten, gelangten bis nach St. Gallen, die nun in Ra\u0308umen des leeren Klosters gepflegt wurden. Wer seinen Verletzungen erlag, wurde schnell nackt von einem Karren in eine Grube des Friedhofs Linsebu\u0308hl gekippt.<\/h4>\n

From the window, Anna Schlatter saw 92 wagons with wounded French soldiers rumbling up Marktgasse to the military hospital in the monastery. She herself went there all the time: This sight my pen cannot describe, and what I could contribute to alleviate it was only a droplet, my heart breaks with pity, how will God's heart break!\u00a0In 1870, during excavations in the Linseb\u00fchl parsonage garden, the remains of at least 44 people were found lying in heaps on top of and through each other, almost all of them under 30 years old men, many with traces of amputations.<\/h4>\n

In 1809, 7388 Reformed and 730 Catholics were counted in the city, for a total of 8118 persons (E 317). The population now increased by leaps and bounds, but people of other faiths were not admitted until the 1860s.\u00a0Napoleon was decisively defeated Oct. 16-19, 1813, in the Battle of Leipzig (E 321).<\/h4>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Walter Frei (2012)<\/h4>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div><\/div><\/div>
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